Bangka Lungshan Temple (艋舺龍山寺) sits in the old Wanhua District of Taipei, one of the oldest neighbourhoods of the Taiwanese capital. It was built in 1738 by immigrants from Fujian during the Qing era, who carried with them the devotion to Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara), the bodhisattva of compassion, around whom the temple was originally consecrated.
From its earliest days Lungshan was as much a community heart as a sanctuary. For the Chinese settlers of early Taipei it served at once as a place of worship and as a gathering place — for festivals, for consultation, and for the everyday rhythms of an immigrant community making its home in a new island.
The temple is a richly layered example of Taiwanese folk religion, in which Chinese Buddhism, Daoism, and the popular cult of folk gods coexist within a single sacred precinct. Alongside the main hall to Guanyin, Lungshan houses altars and side halls to Mazu, the protectress of seafarers, to the warrior-god Guan Yu, and to a wide constellation of other folk deities — reflecting the inclusive sweep of Taiwanese popular religion.
Through the four pathways
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